chicken eggs

Chicken raising technology: introduction to the method of disinfection and preservation of eggs

1. Preservation conditions for eggs :The critical temperature for embryonic development of chickens is 23.9 °C. Therefore, the ambient temperature for egg storage should be kept at 10-15 °C. If the storagelife is longer, it should not exceed 12 °C. The humidity is suitable for 70% to 75% of the force. The place where the eggs are placed should be small head up. If the big head is up, you must turn the eggs once a day.

2.Egg transport and transportation should pay attention to packaging, prevent vibration, apply a special egg box, separate each egg, each layer of eggs and put fillers, such as paper scraps or grass. The filling must be full, and the eggs should be placed upright and should not be shaken during transportation. The egg carton should be kept clean and dry.

3.Disinfection of eggs In ;order to control and eliminate the spread of pathogenic microorganisms and ensure the health of the chicks, the eggs must be disinfected before hatching. Several common disinfection methods are described below:

(1) The new Jieermin disinfection method is 5% of the fresh cleansing liquid, and 50 times of the water is added to the concentration of one thousandth (take 5% of the fresh cleansing liquid 0.5 kg and pour 25 kg of clear water, stir evenly), to spray the surface of the egg. can. However, such a solution should not be mixed with alkali, soap, iodine and potassium permanganate.

(2) Chlorine disinfection method :The eggs are immersed in a bleaching powder solution containing 1.5% of active chlorine for 3 minutes (i.e., 50 kg of water plus 0.75 kg of bleach containing active chlorine), and drained.

(3) Potassium permanganate disinfection method: soak the eggs in a concentration of 2 parts per million of potassium permanganate solution for 1 to 2 minutes (ie add 50 grams of potassium permanganate powder in 50 kg of water, stir evenly, the water temperature is 40 ° C ), drain it.

(4) Iodine solution disinfection method Iodine is formulated into 0.1% iodine solution to spray the egg noodles (1.5 times potassium iodide is needed to dissolve iodine when preparing the iodine solution). Specific method: 1 kg of water plus 10 g of iodine tablets and 15 g of potassium iodide to dissolve, and then poured into 9 kg of water, the water temperature is about 40 ° C.

(5) Formalin disinfection

1 Use formalin (ie 40% formaldehyde or industrial formaldehyde) and fumigation with potassium permanganate. Each cubic meter was fumigation with 15 grams of potassium permanganate plus 30 ml of formalin solution for 30 to 45 minutes. The method is: put the egg in a hatch and put it in the incubator or on the booth, then put the potassium permanganate evenly in the container (the container is more than 10 times the amount of formalin used), then pour it into the fore Marlin, close the doors and windows.

2 formalin direct fumigation method. Formalin was added to an appropriate amount of water in the same standard amount as in the above method, and directly placed on a stove to heat fumigation.

3 formalin soaking disinfection method. The 40% formaldehyde stock solution is formulated into a 1.5% solution (ie, 0.75 kg of formalin and poured into 50 kg of water). Soak the eggs for 2 to 3 minutes.

(6) Antibiotic solution soaking and toxic method to increase the egg temperature to 38 ° C, after 6 to 8 hours, placed in a good solution of uranium or streptomycin (5 kg of water plus 25 g of soil) Mix the streptomycin or streptomycin evenly. Dip for 10 to 15 minutes.

(7) Disinfection method of nitrofurazone solution After nitrofurazone is ground into powder, it is mixed with 0.02% aqueous solution to soak the eggs for 3 minutes, and then washed and dried.

(8) UV disinfection method Install a 40-watt UV lamp at a height of about 1 m from the ground, and irradiate for 10 to 15 minutes to achieve the purpose of disinfection.

 

4. There is a close relationship between the quality of the eggs and the hatching rate, the quality of the newborn chicks and their subsequent health, viability and production performance. Therefore, the eggs must be carefully and carefully selected according to the specific circumstances. The so-called egg is the egg produced by male hens in a certain proportion, or by artificial insemination.

(1) Sources of eggs :The eggs must be sourced from healthy chickens that are highly productive in pest free areas. The ratio of male to female is appropriate, the fertilization rate is high, and the fertilization rate of the eggs should be above 80%. Eggs within half a month of primiparous hens should not be used for breeding eggs, because the hen’s sexual activity is poor at this time, so the fertilization rate is low.

(2) Preservation period of the eggs: The fresher the eggs, the better, generally it is better to keep the eggs within one week. The summer storage period should not exceed 10 days, and the spring and autumn should not exceed half a month.

(3) The color of the egg The color of the eggshell should conform to the characteristics of the variety. For example, the eggs in the air are white, Luodaohong, Bailuo and the local soil breeder are brown, and the color is not correct.

(4) Eggshell thickness The eggshell should be dense, and the thickness should be moderate. Excessive thickness is not conducive to shelling and hatching, too thin and easy to break. Where the eggshell is not shiny, rough with sand holes (called sand preserved eggs) or hard shells (called steel preserved eggs), wrinkled skin can not be used as eggs, the general thickness should be between 0.2 ~ 0.4 mm, shell thickness 0.33 ~ 0.35 mm hatching The highest rate, lower hatching rate below 0.27 mm.

(5) The size and shape of the eggs should be in terms of variety, generally between 45 and 65 grams. If the flight is in the range of 45 to 50 grams, the Babcock B-300 is between 50 and 60 grams, and the other combination should be between 50 and 65 grams.

The shape of the eggs should be normal. Excessively small, too small, too long, round, waist drum and other malformed eggs are not suitable for making eggs, and double yellow, three yellow, egg eggs, blood spots, meat spots eggs can not be used for breeding eggs.

(6) The surface of the egg should be clean and hygienic. If the egg is contaminated with feces, sludge, feed, etc., it is easy to be invaded by bacteria, causing spoilage of the eggs or causing stillbirth.

Unqualified egg icon:

Oversized and over-circle over long eggs; white-shelled purple shells and spotted eggs; thin shells and steel shell eggs; obvious malformed eggs (corrugated, wrinkled and papular eggs, waist drum eggs and egg-shaped abnormal eggs); double yellow eggs Broken eggs (dark lines, cracks, broken eggs and caged eyes); dirty eggs (eg more than 1 square centimeter of eggshell contamination); washed eggs and eggs (smooth and dark surface).

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